The Himalayans mountain system developed in a series of stages 30 to 50 million years ago. The Himalayan range was created from powerful earth movement that occurred as the Indian plate pressed against the Eurasian continental plate. The earth movements raised the deposits laid down in the ancient, shallow Tethys Sea to form the Himalayan ranges from Pakistan eastward across northern India, and from Nepal and Bhutan to the Myanmar border. Even today the mountains continue to develop and change, and earthquakes and tremors are frequent in the area. Physically, the Himalayas forms three parallel zones; the Great Himalayas, the Middle Himalayas, and the Sub-Himalayas, which includes the Siwalik Range and foothills and the tarai and Duars piedmont. Each of these lateral divisions exhibits certain similar topographic features. The great Himalayas, the highest zone, consists of a huge line of snowy peaks with an average height exceeding 6100 m (20,000 ft). The width of this zone, ...
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